Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Squamous Cell Carcinoma is the second most common type of skin cancer. People with fair complexions and a lot of sun exposure are most commonly affected. Squamous cell carcinoma, while not as serious as malignant melanoma, can metastasize or spread to other parts of the body. It is also locally destructive, so early detection and treatment is important. Squamous cell carcinomas can appear as scaly or crusted flat areas or bumps on the skin with a red inflamed base, a growing tumor, or a non-healing ulcer. A skin biopsy can confirm the diagnosis. Depending on the location of the tumor, size, and microscopic characteristics, treatment could include surgical excision, electrodessication and curettage (removal by scraping and cauterizing with an electric needle), cryosurgery (freezing with liquid nitrogen), anti-cancer agents, or Mohs micrographic controlled surgery.

Squamous cell carcinomas can occur in old burns and chronically traumatized skin. They also are more common in long-standing, immunosuppressed patients (i.e. those who have had transplants).

Sun protection is the best defense against skin cancer caused by UV radiation. Wearing a broad spectrum sunscreen that protects against both UVB and UVA rays is important. Regular self-examinations and being on the alert for any growing, changing, bleeding or non-healing lesions is important. Annual full body skin examinations are recommended especially in patients who have had skin cancers.